Investigation of Effects of Copper, Zinc, and Strontium Doping on Electrochemical Properties of Titania Nanotube Arrays for Neural Interface Applications

Direct interaction with the neuronal cells is a prerequisite to deciphering useful information in understanding underlying causes of diseases and functional abnormalities brain. Precisely fabricated nanoelectrodes provide capability interact brain its natural habitat without compromising integrity. Yet, challenges exist terms high cost complexity fabrication as well poor control over chemical composition geometries at nanoscale, all imposed by inherent limitations current micro/nanofabrication techniques. In this work, we report on electrochemical optimization vertically oriented TiO2 nanotube arrays for neural interface application. The effects zinc, strontium, copper doping structural, electrochemical, biocompatibility properties electrochemically anodized were investigated. It was found that can alter geometric features, i.e., length, diameter, wall thickness, nanotubes. Among pure doped samples, 0.02 M copper-doped nanotubes exhibited superior properties, highest specific storage capacitance 130 F g−1 lowest impedance 0.295 KΩ. addition, regeneration Vero neurons highly promoted (0.02 M) Cu-doped arrays, relatively small tube diameters more hydrophilicity, compared other two types dopants. Our results suggest situ promising method various structural compositional improvement their functionality potential nanoelectrode platform interfacing.